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Association of Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet with Excess Body Mass Muscle Strength and Physical Performance in Overweight or Obese Adults with or without Type 2 Diabetes295.22 kB
Published VersionCC BY V4.0, Open Access
Journal article
Association of Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet with Excess Body Mass, Muscle Strength and Physical Performance in Overweight or Obese Adults with or without Type 2 Diabetes: Two Cross-Sectional Studies
Healthcare, Vol.9(10), pp.1-13
2021
Abstract
Overweight and obesity in older adults is associated with disability and is exacerbated by the presence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). There is emerging evidence that adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) reduces adiposity and attenuates physical disability. These cross-sectional studies explored the associations of adherence to a MedDiet with body mass index (BMI), adiposity, muscle strength, and physical performance in older adults without diabetes and in middle-aged or older adults with T2DM. MedDiet adherence was assessed using the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener. Fat mass and percent body fat were assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Muscle strength was assessed using hand-grip strength, while physical performance was assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery and gait speed. A total of n = 87 participants with T2DM (T2DM sample: 71.2 ± 8.2 years, BMI: 29.5 ± 5.9) and n = 65 participants without diabetes (non-T2DM sample: 68.7 ± 5.6 years, BMI: 33.7 ± 4.9) were included in these analyses. In the T2DM sample, when controlled for age, gender, and appendicular lean mass index, adherence to a MedDiet was inversely associated with BMI, fat mass, and percent body fat. However, this was no longer maintained in the fully adjusted models. Although, adherence to a MedDiet was positively associated with gait speed (β = 0.155; p = 0.050) independent of all covariates used. Adherence to a MedDiet may be a suitable dietary strategy for preserving lower body physical function in middle-aged and older adults with T2DM. However, these findings should be further investigated using well-designed randomised controlled trials and prospective cohort studies with a wider range of adherence scores to investigate temporal associations.
Details
- Title
- Association of Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet with Excess Body Mass, Muscle Strength and Physical Performance in Overweight or Obese Adults with or without Type 2 Diabetes: Two Cross-Sectional Studies
- Authors
- Amy Buchanan (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, School of Health and Behavioural Sciences - LegacyAnthony Villani (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, School of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Legacy
- Publication details
- Healthcare, Vol.9(10), pp.1-13
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Date published
- 2021
- DOI
- 10.3390/healthcare9101255
- ISSN
- 2227-9032
- Copyright note
- © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
- Organisation Unit
- University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; School of Health - Nutrition & Dietetics; School of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Legacy
- Language
- English
- Record Identifier
- 99572208902621
- Output Type
- Journal article
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