Anti-Metastatic Effects of Plukenetia volubilis (Sacha Inchi) Husk Extract via EGFR and EMT Pathways and Other Antitumor Effects in Colon Cancer

Supawadee Osotprasit; Saowaros Suwansa-Ard; Scott F. Cummins; Tianfang Wang; Tepparit Samrit; Athit Chaiwichien; Stuart J. Smith; Narin Changklungmoa; Pornanan Kueakhai

doi:10.3390/ijms262110514

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Anti-Metastatic Effects of Plukenetia volubilis (Sacha Inchi) Husk Extract via EGFR and EMT Pathways and Other Antitumor Effects in Colon Cancer

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Anti-Metastatic Effects of Plukenetia volubilis (Sacha Inchi) Husk Extract via EGFR and EMT Pathways and Other Antitumor Effects in Colon Cancer

Supawadee Osotprasit, Saowaros Suwansa-Ard, Scott F. Cummins, Tianfang Wang, Tepparit Samrit, Athit Chaiwichien, Stuart J. Smith, Narin Changklungmoa and Pornanan Kueakhai

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol.26(21), pp.1-24

2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262110514

PMCID: PMC12607394

PMID: 41226554

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Abstract

colorectal cancer

sacha inchi

anticancer activity

omics

chemical properties

Colorectal cancer treatment primarily relies on chemotherapy, which often causes significant side effects. Sacha inchi, a plant known in traditional medicine, has shown promise in various therapeutic applications. However, despite its potential, the specific mechanisms remain poorly understood, particularly regarding its husk components. This study investigates sacha inchi husk extract’s chemical properties and its effects on human colorectal cancer cells. GC/MS and LC/MS analyses revealed a rich profile of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, with naringenin and lidocaine as predominant components. The extract demonstrated significant dose-dependent inhibition of colorectal cell migration, invasion, and colony formation while exhibiting no cytotoxicity toward normal colon epithelial cells. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses showed downregulation of migration- and invasion-related genes in cancer cells, and Western blot analysis confirmed reduced expression of MMP2, MMP9, and N-cadherin. EGFR pathway analysis showed decreased expression of RAS (−0.2-fold), MAK (−0.26-fold), and ERK (−0.54-fold) genes, indicating suppression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). These findings demonstrate that sacha inchi husk extract effectively inhibits metastasis in colorectal cancer cells through the upstream (EGFR) and downstream (EMT) pathways, suggesting its potential as a dietary supplement or therapeutic agent for colorectal cancer treatment. Our research provides evidence for the development of natural, less toxic alternatives.

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Title: Anti-Metastatic Effects of Plukenetia volubilis (Sacha Inchi) Husk Extract via EGFR and EMT Pathways and Other Antitumor Effects in Colon Cancer
Authors: Supawadee Osotprasit - Burapha University
Saowaros Suwansa-Ard - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Centre for Bioinnovation
Scott F. Cummins - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Centre for Bioinnovation
Tianfang Wang - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Centre for Bioinnovation
Tepparit Samrit - Burapha University
Athit Chaiwichien - Burapha University
Stuart J. Smith - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Centre for Bioinnovation
Narin Changklungmoa - Burapha University
Pornanan Kueakhai (Corresponding Author) - Burapha University
Publication details: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol.26(21), pp.1-24
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date published: 2025
DOI: 10.3390/ijms262110514
ISSN: 1422-0067
PMID: 41226554; PMC12607394
Copyright note: © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Data Availability: Raw data for whole transcriptome sequencing are deposited in the NCBI Bioproject and SRA databases under Bioproject accession number PRJNA1236814. Raw data for peptide mass spectrometry are deposited in the PRIDE database under accession number PXD061526.
Grant note: This project is funded by the National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT; N41A650402) and TAI.C.M.S. Standard industrial company limited.
Organisation Unit: School of Science, Technology and Engineering; Centre for Bioinnovation
Language: English
Record Identifier: 991181427902621
Output Type: Journal article

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