Air Pollution and Child Respiratory Health: a Case-Crossover Study in Australia and New Zealand

A G Barnett; Gail M Williams; J Schwartz; Anne H Neller; Trudi Best; Anna Petroeschevsky; Rodney W Simpson

doi:10.1164/rccm.200411-1586OC

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Air Pollution and Child Respiratory Health: a Case-Crossover Study in Australia and New Zealand

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Air Pollution and Child Respiratory Health: a Case-Crossover Study in Australia and New Zealand

A G Barnett, Gail M Williams, J Schwartz, Anne H Neller, Trudi Best, Anna Petroeschevsky and Rodney W Simpson

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol.171(11), pp.1272-1278

2005

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200411-1586OC

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Abstract

air pollutants

meta-analysis

respiration disorders

The strength of the association between outdoor air pollution and hospital admissions in children has not yet been well defined. The study used data on respiratory hospital admissions in children (three age groups: less than 1, 1-4, and 5-14 years) for five cities in Australia and two in New Zealand. Time series of daily numbers of hospital admissions were analyzed using the case-crossover method; the results from cities were combined using a random-effects meta-analysis. Significant increases across the cities were observed for hospital admissions in children for pneumonia and acute bronchitis (0, 1-4 years), respiratory disease (0, 1-4, 5-14 years), and asthma (5-14 years). These increases were found for particulate matter with a diameter less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) and less than 10 µm (PM10), nephelometry, NO2, and SO2. The largest association found was a 6.0% increase in asthma admissions (5-14 years) in relation to a 5.1-ppb increase in 24-hour NO2. This study found strong and consistent associations between outdoor air pollution and short-term increases in childhood hospital admissions. A number of different pollutants showed significant associations, and these were distinct from any temperature (warm or cool) effects.

Details

Title: Air Pollution and Child Respiratory Health: a Case-Crossover Study in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: A G Barnett (Author) - University of Queensland
Gail M Williams (Author)
J Schwartz (Author) - Harvard University, United States
Anne H Neller (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast - Faculty of Science, Health and Education
Trudi Best (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast - Faculty of Science, Health and Education
Anna Petroeschevsky (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast - Faculty of Science, Health and Education
Rodney W Simpson (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast - Faculty of Science, Health and Education
Publication details: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol.171(11), pp.1272-1278
Publisher: American Thoracic Society
Date published: 2005
DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200411-1586OC
ISSN: 1073-449X
Organisation Unit: Insights & Analytics Unit; University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; Sustainability Research Cluster
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99448611902621
Output Type: Journal article

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Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration; International collaboration
Web Of Science research areas: Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System

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