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Accumulation of heavy metals in soils from extended wastewater irrigation
Journal article   Peer reviewed

Accumulation of heavy metals in soils from extended wastewater irrigation

Roy C Sidle, J E Hook and L T Kardos
Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation, Vol.49(2), pp.311-318
1977
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http://www.jstor.org/stable/25039256View
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Abstract

heavy metals soils wastewater irrigation
Municipal wastewater has een used to spray irrigate reed canary grass and corn over periods of 10 and 11 years, respectively, on clay loam soil. Average concentrations of copper, zinc, cadmium, lead, nickel, and cobalt in the applied effluent were 68, 197, 2.7, 140, 50, and 40 parts per billion, respectively. The corresponding metal concentrations in an effluent sludge mixture used to irrigate the reed canary grass during 1971 to 1973 were 501, 730, 5, 299, 75, and 57 parts per billion. Soils sampled in various years were extracted with 0.1 N HCl for heavy metals analyses. Copper and zinc levels in the reed canary grass soils [(0 to 30 cm; 0 to 1 ft)] increased significantly following 3 years of irrigation with effluent containing sludge. In the corn area, only copper showed increased concentrations in the soil water after 11 years of irrigation with effluent alone. The soil cadmium: zinc ratios in both areas were less than that of the applied wastewater. Municipal wastewater has been used to spray irrigate reed canary grass and corn over periods of 10 and 11 years, respectively, on clay loam soil. Average concentrations of copper, zinc, cadmium, lead, nickel, and cobalt in the applied effluent were 68, 197, 2. 7, 140, 50, and 40 parts per billion, respectively. The corresponding metal concentrations in an effluent-sludge mixture used to irrigate the reed canary grass during 1971 to 1973 were 501, 730, 5, 299, 75, and 57 parts per billion. Soils sampled in various years were extracted with 0. 1 N HCl for heavy metals analyses. Copper and zinc levels in the reed canary grass soils left bracket (0 to 30 cm; 0 to 1 ft) right bracket increased significantly following 3 years of irrigation with effluent containing sludge. In the corn area, only copper showed increased concentrations in the soil after 11 years of irrigation with effluent alone. The soil cadmium: zinc ratios in both areas were less than that of the applied wastewater.

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