A western diet increases serotonin availability in rat small intestine

R L Bertrand; S Senadheera; I Markus; Lu Liu; L Howitt; H Chen; T V Murphy; Shaun L Sandow; P P Bertrand

doi:10.1210/en.2010-0377

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A western diet increases serotonin availability in rat small intestine

Journal article

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A western diet increases serotonin availability in rat small intestine

R L Bertrand, S Senadheera, I Markus, Lu Liu, L Howitt, H Chen, T V Murphy, Shaun L Sandow and P P Bertrand

Endocrinology, Vol.152(1), pp.36-47

2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2010-0377

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Abstract

rat small intestine

serotonin

Western diet

Diet-induced obesity is associated with changes in gastrointestinal function and induction of a mild inflammatory state. Serotonin (5-HT) containing enterochromaffin (EC) cells within the intestine respond to nutrients and are altered by inflammation. Thus, our aim was to characterize the uptake and release of 5-HT from EC cells of the rat ileum in a physiologically relevant model of diet-induced obesity. In chow-fed (CF) and Western diet-fed (WD) rats electrochemical methods were used to measure compression evoked (peak) and steady state (SS) 5-HT levels with fluoxetine used to block the serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT). The levels ofmRNAfor tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1) and SERT were determined by quantitative PCR, while EC cell numbers were determined immunohistochemically. In WD rats, the levels of 5-HT were significantly increased (SS: 19.2±3.7 ±M; peak: 73.5±14.1 ±M) compared with CF rats (SS: 12.3±1.8 ±M; peak: 32.2±7.2 ±M), while SERTdependent uptake of 5-HT was reduced (peak WD: 108% of control versus peak CF: 212% control). In WD rats, there was a significant increase in TPH1 mRNA, a decrease in SERT mRNA and protein, and an increase in EC cells. In conclusion, our data show that foods typical of a Western diet are associated with an increased 5-HT availability in the rat ileum. Increased 5-HT availability is driven by the up-regulation of 5-HT synthesis genes, decreased re-uptake of 5-HT, and increased numbers and/or 5-HT content of EC cells which are likely to cause altered intestinal motility and sensation in vivo.

Details

Title: A western diet increases serotonin availability in rat small intestine
Authors: R L Bertrand (Author) - University of New South Wales
S Senadheera (Author) - University of New South Wales
I Markus (Author) - University of New South Wales
Lu Liu (Author) - University of New South Wales
L Howitt (Author) - University of New South Wales
H Chen (Author) - University of New South Wales
T V Murphy (Author) - University of New South Wales
Shaun L Sandow (Author) - University of New South Wales
P P Bertrand (Author) - University of New South Wales
Publication details: Endocrinology, Vol.152(1), pp.36-47
Publisher: Endocrine Society
Date published: 2011
DOI: 10.1210/en.2010-0377
ISSN: 0013-7227
Organisation Unit: School of Health - Biomedicine; University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; School of Health and Sport Sciences - Legacy; School of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Legacy
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99449029502621
Output Type: Journal article

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