A comprehensive review of monkeypox virus and mpox characteristics

Emmanuel Alakunle; Daniel Kolawole; Diana Diaz-Cánova; Faith Alele; Oyelola Adegboye; Ugo Moens; Malachy Ifeanyi Okeke

doi:10.3389/fcimb.2024.1360586

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A comprehensive review of monkeypox virus and mpox characteristics

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

A comprehensive review of monkeypox virus and mpox characteristics

Emmanuel Alakunle, Daniel Kolawole, Diana Diaz-Cánova, Faith Alele, Oyelola Adegboye, Ugo Moens and Malachy Ifeanyi Okeke

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Vol.14, pp.1-20

2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1360586

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Abstract

antivirals

epidemiology

evolution

genomics

infection biology

monkeypox

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is the etiological agent of monkeypox (mpox), a zoonotic disease. MPXV is endemic in the forested regions of West and Central Africa, but the virus has recently spread globally, causing outbreaks in multiple non-endemic countries. In this paper, we review the characteristics of the virus, including its ecology, genomics, infection biology, and evolution. We estimate by phylogenomic molecular clock that the B.1 lineage responsible for the 2022 mpox outbreaks has been in circulation since 2016. We interrogate the host-virus interactions that modulate the virus infection biology, signal transduction, pathogenesis, and host immune responses. We highlight the changing pathophysiology and epidemiology of MPXV and summarize recent advances in the prevention and treatment of mpox. In addition, this review identifies knowledge gaps with respect to the virus and the disease, suggests future research directions to address the knowledge gaps, and proposes a One Health approach as an effective strategy to prevent current and future epidemics of mpox.

Details

Title: A comprehensive review of monkeypox virus and mpox characteristics
Authors: Emmanuel Alakunle - American University of Nigeria
Daniel Kolawole - American University of Nigeria
Diana Diaz-Cánova - UiT The Arctic University of Norway
Faith Alele - University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, School of Health - Public Health
Oyelola Adegboye - Charles Darwin University
Ugo Moens (Corresponding Author) - UiT The Arctic University of Norway
Malachy Ifeanyi Okeke (Corresponding Author) - American University of Nigeria
Publication details: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Vol.14, pp.1-20
Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation
Date published: 2024
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1360586
ISSN: 2235-2988
Copyright note: © 2024 Alakunle, Kolawole, Diaz-Cánova, Alele, Adegboye, Moens and Okeke. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
Organisation Unit: School of Health - Public Health
Language: English
Record Identifier: 991009498802621
Output Type: Journal article

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Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration; International collaboration
Web Of Science research areas: Immunology; Microbiology

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