A Systematic Review of Financial Toxicity Among Cancer Survivors: We Can’t Pay the Co-Pay

Louisa G Gordon; Katharina Merollini; Anthony Lowe; Raymond J Chan

doi:10.1007/s40271-016-0204-x

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A Systematic Review of Financial Toxicity Among Cancer Survivors: We Can’t Pay the Co-Pay

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

A Systematic Review of Financial Toxicity Among Cancer Survivors: We Can’t Pay the Co-Pay

Louisa G Gordon, Katharina Merollini, Anthony Lowe and Raymond J Chan

Patient, Vol.10(3), pp.295-309

2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40271-016-0204-x

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Abstract

Objective: To determine the extent of financial toxicity (FT) among cancer survivors, identify the determinants and how FT is measured. Methods: A systematic review was performed in MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsycINFO, using relevant terminology and included articles published from 1 January, 2013 to 30 June, 2016. We included observational studies where the primary outcomes included FT and study samples were greater than 200. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. Results: From 417 citations, a total of 25 studies were included in this review. Seventy outcomes of FT were reported with 47 covering monetary, objective and subjective indicators of FT. A total of 28-48% of patients reported FT using monetary measures and 16-73% using subjective measures. The most commonly reported factors associated with FT were: being female, younger age, low income at baseline, adjuvant therapies and more recent diagnosis. Relative to non-cancer comparison groups, cancer survivors experienced significantly higher FT. Most studies were cross-sectional and causal inferences between FT and determinants were not possible. Measures of FT were varied and most were not validated, while monetary values of out-of-pocket expenses included different cost components across studies. Conclusions: A substantial proportion of cancer survivors experience financial hardship irrespective of how it is measured. Using standardised outcomes and longitudinal designs to measure FT would improve determination of the extent of FT. Further research is recommended on reduced work participation and income losses occurring concurrently with FT and on the impacts on treatment non-adherence.

Details

Title: A Systematic Review of Financial Toxicity Among Cancer Survivors: We Can’t Pay the Co-Pay
Authors: Louisa G Gordon (Author) - QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute
Katharina Merollini (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast - Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering
Anthony Lowe (Author) - Griffith University
Raymond J Chan (Author) - Queensland University of Technology
Publication details: Patient, Vol.10(3), pp.295-309
Publisher: Adis International Ltd.
Date published: 2017
DOI: 10.1007/s40271-016-0204-x
ISSN: 1178-1653
Copyright note: Copyright © 2017 Springer. Reproduced with permission. The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40271-016-0204-x
Organisation Unit: University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; School of Health and Sport Sciences - Legacy; School of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Legacy; School of Health - Public Health
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99451049102621
Output Type: Journal article

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Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration
Web Of Science research areas: Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services

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