Journal article
A Proteomics and Transcriptomics investigation of the venom from the Barychelid spider Trittame loki (brush-foot trapdoor)
Toxins, Vol.5(12), pp.2488-2503
2013
Abstract
Although known for their potent venom and ability to prey upon both invertebrate and vertebrate species, the Barychelidae spider family has been entirely neglected by toxinologists. In striking contrast, the sister family Theraphosidae (commonly known as tarantulas), which last shared a most recent common ancestor with Barychelidae over 200 million years ago, has received much attention, accounting for 25% of all the described spider toxins while representing only 2% of all spider species. In this study, we evaluated for the first time the venom arsenal of a barychelid spider, Trittame loki, using transcriptomic, proteomic, and bioinformatic methods. The venom was revealed to be dominated by extremely diverse inhibitor cystine knot (ICK)/knottin peptides, accounting for 42 of the 46 full-length toxin precursors recovered in the transcriptomic sequencing. In addition to documenting differential rates of evolution adopted by different ICK/knottin toxin lineages, we discovered homologues with completely novel cysteine skeletal architecture. Moreover, acetylcholinesterase and neprilysin were revealed for the first time as part of the spider-venom arsenal and CAP (CRiSP/Allergen/PR-1) were identified for the first time in mygalomorph spider venoms. These results not only highlight the extent of venom diversification in this neglected ancient spider lineage, but also reinforce the idea that unique venomous lineages are rich pools of novel biomolecules that may have significant applied uses as therapeutics and/or insecticides.
Details
- Title
- A Proteomics and Transcriptomics investigation of the venom from the Barychelid spider Trittame loki (brush-foot trapdoor)
- Authors
- E A B Undheim (Author) - University of QueenslandK Sunagar (Author) - Universidade do Porto, PortugalVolker Herzig (Author) - University of QueenslandL Kely (Author) - University of QueenslandD H W Low (Author) - University of QueenslandT N W Jackson (Author) - University of QueenslandA Jones (Author) - University of QueenslandN Kurniawan (Author) - Universidade do Porto, PortugalG F King (Author) - University of QueenslandS A Ali (Author) - University of QueenslandA Antunes (Author) - Universidade do Porto, PortugalT Ruder (Author) - University of QueenslandB G Fry (Author) - University of Queensland
- Publication details
- Toxins, Vol.5(12), pp.2488-2503
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Date published
- 2013
- DOI
- 10.3390/toxins5122488
- ISSN
- 2072-6651
- Copyright note
- Copyright © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
- Organisation Unit
- School of Science and Engineering - Legacy; University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; School of Science, Technology and Engineering; Centre for Bioinnovation
- Language
- English
- Record Identifier
- 99450815002621
- Output Type
- Journal article
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