Journal article
A Model for the Training Effects in Swimming Demonstrates a Strong Relationship between Parasympathetic Activity, Performance and Index of Fatigue
PLoS One, Vol.7(12), e52636
2012
Abstract
Competitive swimming as a physical activity results in changes to the activity level of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). However, the precise relationship between ANS activity, fatigue and sports performance remains contentious. To address this problem and build a model to support a consistent relationship, data were gathered from national and regional swimmers during two 30 consecutive-week training periods. Nocturnal ANS activity was measured weekly and quantified through wavelet transform analysis of the recorded heart rate variability. Performance was then measured through a subsequent morning 400 meters freestyle time-trial. A model was proposed where indices of fatigue were computed using Banister’s two antagonistic component model of fatigue and adaptation applied to both the ANS activity and the performance. This demonstrated that a logarithmic relationship existed between performance and ANS activity for each subject. There was a high degree of model fit between the measured and calculated performance (R2 = 0.84±0.14,p less than 0.01) and the measured and calculated High Frequency (HF) power of the ANS activity (R2 = 0.79±0.07, p less than 0.01). During the taper periods, improvements in measured performance and measured HF were strongly related. In the model, variations in performance were related to significant reductions in the level of ‘Negative Influences’ rather than increases in ‘Positive Influences’. Furthermore, the delay needed to return to the initial performance level was highly correlated to the delay required to return to the initial HF power level (p less than 0.01). The delay required to reach peak performance was highly correlated to the delay required to reach the maximal level of HF power (p = 0.02). Building the ANS/performance identity of a subject, including the time to peak HF, may help predict the maximal performance that could be obtained at a given time.
Details
- Title
- A Model for the Training Effects in Swimming Demonstrates a Strong Relationship between Parasympathetic Activity, Performance and Index of Fatigue
- Authors
- S Chalencon (Author) - Jean Monnet University of Saint-Etienne, FranceT Busso (Author) - Jean Monnet University of Saint-Etienne, FranceJ-R Lacour (Author) - Jean Monnet University of Saint-Etienne, FranceM Garet (Author) - Jean Monnet University of Saint-Etienne, FranceV Pichot (Author) - Jean Monnet University of Saint-Etienne, FranceP Connes (Author) - Academic Hospital of Pointe a Pitre, FranceCharles P Gabel (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast - Faculty of Science, Health, Education and EngineeringFrédéric Roche (Author) - Jean Monnet University of Saint-Etienne, FranceJ C Barthélémy (Author) - Jean Monnet University of Saint-Etienne, France
- Publication details
- PLoS One, Vol.7(12), e52636
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science
- Date published
- 2012
- DOI
- 10.1371/journal.pone.0052636
- ISSN
- 1932-6203
- Copyright note
- Copyright © 2012 Chalencon et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
- Organisation Unit
- University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; School of Health and Sport Sciences - Legacy
- Language
- English
- Record Identifier
- 99450137202621
- Output Type
- Journal article
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