Journal article
A Comparative Study of Caerin 1.1/1.9 and Calcium Hydroxide in the Treatment of Apical Periodontitis in Rats
International Dental Journal, Vol.76(3), pp.1-12
2026
PMID: 42019205
Abstract
Objectives
By establishing a rat model of periapical infection, this study compared the anti‑inflammatory effects of caerin 1.1/1.9 hydrogel and calcium hydroxide paste, aiming to provide a novel therapeutic strategy for refractory apical periodontitis.
Methods
Forty-five male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided: caerin 1.1/1.9 (F1/F3) peptide containing gel group (F1/F3, n = 15), calcium hydroxide group (CH, n = 15) and untreated control group (UC, n = 15). The F1/F3 group and CH group animals received an intracanal application of 5 mg/mL F1/F3-loaded hydrogel or calcium hydroxide paste, respectively, into the ipsilateral mandibular first molar immediately (day 0) and subsequently at 7 and 14 days post apical-foramen enlargement. At the 7th, 14th and 21st days after the operation, the degree of infection was comprehensively evaluated through periapical X-ray films, HE staining, immunohistochemical staining, enzyme histochemical staining and ELISA tests.
Results
At the 7th and 14th day after operation, the expression of IL-17 and the contents of TNF-α and IL-6 in F1/F3 and CH groups were significantly lower than those in UC group. On the 21st day after the operation, the number of osteoclasts in F1/F3 and CH groups decreased and the expression of OPG increased and the difference was statistically significant (P < .05). Compared with the CH group, the number of TNF-α and osteoclasts in F1/F3 group was significantly decreased on the 14th and 21st day after the operation and the expression of OPG was increased and the expression of IL-6 and IL-17 was decreased on the 21st day after the operation in F1/F3 group (P < .05).
Conclusions
The F1/F3 gel showed a more positive trend in regulating the key inflammatory factors and bone immune indicators related to periapical periodontitis compared to the calcium hydroxide paste.
Details
- Title
- A Comparative Study of Caerin 1.1/1.9 and Calcium Hydroxide in the Treatment of Apical Periodontitis in Rats
- Authors
- Li Qin - Zunyi Medical UniversityHang You - Zunyi Medical UniversityZhuxue Zhang - Guizhou Provincial People's HospitalJiangling Sun - Guiyang Medical UniversityQuanlan Fu - Zhongao Biomedical Technology (China)Meiyan Rong - Zunyi Medical UniversityZhijun Lin - Guiyang Medical UniversityHejie Li - University of the Sunshine CoastTianfang Wang - University of the Sunshine CoastGuoying Ni - First People's Hospital of FoshanXiaosong Liu - First People's Hospital of FoshanWei Yang - Guiyang Medical University
- Publication details
- International Dental Journal, Vol.76(3), pp.1-12
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Date published
- 2026
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.identj.2026.109583
- ISSN
- 1875-595X
- PMID
- 42019205
- Copyright note
- (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of FDI World Dental Federation. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
- Grant note
- This project was supported by Guizhou Provincial Department of Science and Technology (Qiankehe support normal [2022] No. 196 and [2022] No. 272).
- Organisation Unit
- School of Science and Engineering - Legacy; GeneCology Research Centre - Legacy; School of Science, Technology and Engineering
- Language
- English
- Record Identifier
- 991226929302621
- Output Type
- Journal article
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