Abstract
Introduction: The role and scope of practice of rural and remote registered nurses (RN)s includes all levels of care for all patients across the lifespan. These RNs may be responsible for a multipurpose service, which in one shift may involve coordinating care for residential aged care, to emergency presentations, to caring for admitted patients, minor surgical procedures as well as community health consultation. Workforce shortages, attracting RNs to the rural and remote environment and retention are some of the challenges currently facing rural and remote health services. The health disparities of vulnerable populations are exacerbated by the inability to provide and retain RNs.
Aim: To identify the current international roles and skill requirements of registered nurses working in rural and remote areas
A scoping review was undertaken. Eight databases were searched using specific search criteria. A total of 68 articles were included in the study.
Results: The roles of the rural and remote RN could be broken down to two main categories: clinical roles (foundation, and specialist) and non-clinical roles (management, support, and ancillary). Several themes were also noted in the literature. These included generalist or specialist role, poorly prepared or underprepared, extended scope of practice and role uncertainty.
Conclusion: The role of the rural and remote RN is so broad and unique and requires different skills and knowledge than those found in metropolitan areas. The Scoping review found valuable insight into the role and skill requirements of rural and remote RNs. Understanding these requirements is essential because they can impact the quality of care for people living in rural and remote communities.