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The effect of high intensity interval training on cardiovascular adaptations and endurance performance in trained endurance athletes
Conference poster

The effect of high intensity interval training on cardiovascular adaptations and endurance performance in trained endurance athletes

Meegan A McGillivray, D J Smith, S R Norris and J V Tyberg
Book of Abstracts of the 10th Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science
Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science, 10th (Belgrade, Serbia, 13-Jul-2005–16-Jul-2005)
European College of Sport Science
2005
url
http://www.smas.org/2-kongres/View
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Abstract

Human Movement and Sports Science interval training endurance athletes endurance training
Purpose: This study examined the effects of two training protocols, high-intensity (HIT) and low intensity (LIT), on changes in maximal stroke volume (SVmax), plasma volume (PV), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), and endurance performance variables. Methods: Twelve trained male cyclists (mean ± SD; VO2 max = 61.7± 3.6 mL•kg-1•min-1) completed four test weeks separated by high volume training (HVT) (4 days – 3hrs per day), HIT or LIT (2 weeks), and finally a taper (2weeks). The cyclists performed: 1) a progressive cycle test to measure VO2 max, cardiac output (Q), maximum heart rate (HRmax), and peak aerobic power output (PAPO); 2) a lactate minimum test; 3) a 20 km time trial (TT); 4) a progressive exercise echocardiography test to PAPO; and 5) an endurance ride at 110% lactate minimum power output (LMPO). In addition, hemoglobin and hematocrit were measured. Cardiovascular measures were determined by open-circuit acetylene breathing. After the initial HVT block, the group was randomly assigned to HIT (n = 6) or LIT (n = 6). All subjects completed the same total volume of work 6 days per week, the HIT group completed 8 × 2.5 min at PAPO with rest to 65% HRmax twice per week, the rest of the training for both groups was done at aerobic threshold intensity. Results: SVmax increased for all subjects following the HVT and subsequently decreased when HIT and LIT were implemented (p = 0.002). HRmax followed the inverse pattern (p = 0.001). Hematocrit decreased following HVT and then increased during HIT and LIT (p = 0.001). LMPO increased 5% for all subjects following HVT, then increased a further 9% (275 to 297 W) in the HIT group, but did not change for the LIT group (260 W). PAPO increased from 425 W after HVT to 460 W post-taper for the HIT group, whereas, the LIT group did not change PAPO until the effect of the taper (405 W to 425 W). Time trial performance increased linearly for both groups (p < 0.001), peaking during the fourth test interval. Discussion: Although there was a decline in SV, LMPO increased significantly following HIT, with no change for the LIT group. The taper produced superior PAPO and TT performance, while LMPO was maintained at previously attained levels after both training conditions. This study has demonstrated that an acute HIT strategy at PAPO enhanced LMPO, while a taper sequence improved performance requiring max effort for both groups and that these training strategies can alter performance despite a decline in SVmax.

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