Genomic and epidemiological insights into chlamydial epitheliocystis

Alyce Taylor-Brown; Trestan Pillonel; Martina Jelocnik; Gilbert Greub; Lloyd Vaughan; Barbara Nowak; Adam Polkinghorne

doi:10.1099/acmi.ac2019.po0349

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Genomic and epidemiological insights into chlamydial epitheliocystis

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Genomic and epidemiological insights into chlamydial epitheliocystis

Alyce Taylor-Brown, Trestan Pillonel, Martina Jelocnik, Gilbert Greub, Lloyd Vaughan, Barbara Nowak and Adam Polkinghorne

Access Microbiology, Vol.1(1A)

Microbiology Society

2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1099/acmi.ac2019.po0349

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Abstract

Biochemistry and Cell Biology

Evolutionary Biology

Genetics

Chlamydiae are obligate intracellular bacteria with highly reduced genomes, reflective of their abilities to sequester nutrients from the host. The host range of this phylum far exceeds that described for the Chlamydia genus which encompasses terrestrial animals; however, much of this diversity is uncultivated. Of particular evolutionary significance are members of the earliest diverging family, Candidatus Parilichlamydiaceae, comprising only uncultivated species associated with the fish gill disease, epitheliocystis. Epitheliocystis poses a significant threat to aquaculture industries globally. Due to the lack of culture systems for Ca. Parilichlamydiaceae, little is known about their biology, which also imposes further limitations on answering epidemiological questions. Gill extracts from three Chlamydiales-positive Australian aquaculture species were subject to DNA preparation to deplete host DNA and enrich microbial DNA, prior to metagenome sequencing. We obtained three metagenome-assembled Ca. Parilichlamydiaceae genomes from three different host species, and conducted functional genomics comparisons with diverse members of the phylum. Using these genomes, we developed a novel Ca. Parilichlamydia carangidicola-specific multi locus sequence analysis (MLSA) scheme to investigate genetic diversity in this species Genomic analysis revealed highly reduced genomes (∼0.8 Mbp) that share 342 orthologs with other chlamydial families, with a notable reduction in genes for synthesis of nucleotides and amino acids. MLSA revealed a high level of genetic diversity of Ca. P. carangidicola, with 20 genotypes distributed among 29 samples from four populations within the same aquaculture facility. Culture-independent genomics has provided an unprecedented insight into chlamydial evolution, pathogenicity and epidemiology. This approach could be adapted for further genomic epidemiological investigations.

Details

Title: Genomic and epidemiological insights into chlamydial epitheliocystis
Authors: Alyce Taylor-Brown (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast - School of Science & Engineering
Trestan Pillonel (Author) - University of Lausanne, Switzerland
Martina Jelocnik (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast - School of Science & Engineering
Gilbert Greub (Author) - University of Lausanne, Switzerland
Lloyd Vaughan (Author) - University of Zurich, Switzerland
Barbara Nowak (Author) - University of Tasmania
Adam Polkinghorne (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast - School of Science & Engineering
Publication details: Access Microbiology, Vol.1(1A)
Publisher: Microbiology Society
Date published: 2019
DOI: 10.1099/acmi.ac2019.po0349
ISSN: 2516-8290
Organisation Unit: School of Science and Engineering - Legacy; University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; School of Science, Technology and Engineering; Centre for Bioinnovation
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99450637202621
Output Type: Conference poster

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