The Plant microRNA Pathway: The Production and Action Stages

Joseph L Pegler; Christopher P L Grof; Andrew Eamens

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-9042-9_2

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The Plant microRNA Pathway: The Production and Action Stages

Book chapter

Peer reviewed

The Plant microRNA Pathway: The Production and Action Stages

Joseph L Pegler, Christopher P L Grof and Andrew Eamens

Plant MicroRNAs: Methods and Protocols, Vol.1932, pp.15-39

Methods in Molecular Biology (MIMB), 1932, Humana Press, Inc.

2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9042-9_2

PMID: 30701489

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9042-9_2View

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Abstract

Arabidopsis thaliana

microRNA

microRNA pathway

microRNA production

microRNA action

RNA silencing

Gene expression regulation

Core machinery protein

Auxiliary machinery protein

Plant microRNAs are an endogenous class of small regulatory RNA central to the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression in plant development and environmental stress adaptation or in response to pathogen challenge. The plant microRNA pathway is readily separated into two distinct stages: (1) the production stage, which is localized to the plant cell nucleus and where the microRNA small RNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA precursor transcript, and (2) the action stage, which is localized to the plant cell cytoplasm and where the mature microRNA small RNA is loaded into an effector complex and is used by the complex as a sequence specificity guide to direct expression repression of target genes harboring highly complementary microRNA target sequences. Historical research indicated that the plant microRNA pathway was a highly structured, almost linear pathway requiring a small set of core machinery proteins. However, contemporary research has demonstrated that the plant microRNA pathway is highly dynamic, and to allow for this flexibility, a large and highly functionally diverse set of machinery proteins is now known to be required. For example, recent research has shown that plant microRNAs can regulate target gene expression via a translational repression mechanism of RNA silencing in addition to the standard messenger RNA cleavage-based mechanism of RNA silencing: a mode of RNA silencing originally assigned to all plant microRNAs. Using Arabidopsis thaliana as our model system, here we report on both the core and auxiliary sets of machinery proteins now known to be required for both microRNA production and microRNA action in plants.

Details

Title: The Plant microRNA Pathway: The Production and Action Stages
Authors: Joseph L Pegler (Author) - University of Newcastle Australia
Christopher P L Grof (Author) - University of Newcastle Australia
Andrew Eamens (Author) - University of Newcastle Australia
Contributors: Stefan de Folter (Editor)
Publication details: Plant MicroRNAs: Methods and Protocols, Vol.1932, pp.15-39
Series: Methods in Molecular Biology (MIMB); 1932
Publisher: Humana Press, Inc.
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9042-9_2; 10.1007/978-1-4939-9042-9
ISSN: 1940-6029
PMID: 30701489
Organisation Unit: School of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Legacy; University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; School of Health - Biomedicine
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99656591902621
Output Type: Book chapter

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Web Of Science research areas: Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity; Plant Sciences

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