Abstract
The Bay of Bengal (BoB) region is one of the most cyclone-prone areas in the world, accounting for a large portion of tropical cyclone-related fatalities. The Indian Sundarbans and the adjoining deltaic coasts are mainly vulnerable due to its topography, fragile ecosystem, and an extremely high population density. This region is also a good habitat for a huge range of flora and fauna. This chapter examines the occurrence and intensity of tropical cyclones in eastern India. It also looks at their social and ecological impacts, with a focus on the Sundarbans. The analysis is based on historical records and some case studies of significant cyclones. These sources highlight both immediate damage and long-term ecological stress. To reduce vulnerability in areas hit by cyclones, it’s crucial to combine ecological resilience with better forecasting and community preparedness. With the advancements in technology, the accuracy for cyclone forecasts has enhanced manifold. People of the coastal areas have become more aware of the risks and cyclone preparedness has also improved. At present special emphasis is given to disseminate the cyclone advisory to the coastal people around Indian Sundarbans.