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Atomic Force Microscopy Investigation on Young’s Modulus of Cartilage for Osteoarthritis Study
Book chapter   Peer reviewed

Atomic Force Microscopy Investigation on Young’s Modulus of Cartilage for Osteoarthritis Study

M Wang, Z Peng, Jolanta A Watson, Gregory S Watson, Bronwen N Morris and B A Rayner
Engineering Asset Management and Infrastructure Sustainability, pp.1019-1025
Springer London, Ltd.
2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-493-7_79
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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-493-7_79View
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Abstract

Biomedical Engineering Mechanical Engineering atomic force microscopy Young's modulus cartilage osteoarthritis
Wear occurs between two contacting cartilage surfaces of knee joints, resulting in osteoarthritis (OA), a wear and tear related disease worldwide. Young's modulus describes the elastic properties of a material. With OA progression, Young's modulus reveals information about the changes in the elastic behaviour of cartilage which is important to its function. This research used atomic force microscopy to investigate the elastic behaviour of sheep knee cartilage on nanometre scale for OA study. All indentation tests were conducted in a hydrated mode. The results have shown that the Young's modulus of a healthy joint cartilage ranges from 0.39 to 1.10 MPa and 0.14 to 2.00 MPa for the most severe OA grade. The corresponding indentation depth was 800-1,560 nm for a healthy joint and 420-1,106 nm for a severe OA grade. This study has also revealed that no significant change of the elastic property occurs to early OA. A sharp rise of the Young's modulus of OA grade 2 indicates that the cartilage is rapidly stiffening in advanced OA. This research has demonstrated that the Young's modulus measured on a nanometre scale has the potential to be used for monitoring and discriminating early and advanced OA.

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