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Omega-3 fatty acids decrease ROS production in an apoE-/- mouse model of abdominal aortic dissection
Abstract   Peer reviewed

Omega-3 fatty acids decrease ROS production in an apoE-/- mouse model of abdominal aortic dissection

Kathryn Wales, Kristyn Kavazos, Maria Nataatmadja, Peter R Brooks and Fraser D Russell
2013 Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacologists and Toxicologists (ASCEPT) Annual Scientific Meeting Book of Abstracts, p.91
Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacologists and Toxicologists (ASCEPT) Annual Scientific Meeting: Breaking down the silos - academia, industry and the government collaboratively developing medicines, 2013 (Melbourne, Australia, 01-Dec-2013–04-Dec-2013)
2013
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http://www.asceptasm.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/ASCEPT-abstracts-403-493.pdfView
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Abstract

Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Introduction: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic dissection (AAD), produced by inflammatory and smooth muscle cells (Gavazzi et al 2007). Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have anti-oxidative effects (Brahmbhatt et al 2013), raising the possibility that they might protect against AAD. Aim: To use an apolipoprotein E-/-, angiotensin II-infused mouse model of AAD (apoE-/- angII), to investigate the effect of low omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (LFA; 0.14%) and high omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (HFA; 0.70%) diets on aortic ROS production and inflammatory cell infiltration. Methods: ApoE-/- and C57 3-4 week old male mice were fed LFA or HFA diets for 8 weeks. Mice were infused with angII (1000 ng/kg/min; apoE-/- and C57) or 0.9% saline (C57), for 2 days. The abdominal aorta was processed for histology. Tissue levels of superoxide and peroxynitrite were detected and quantitated using dihydroethidium fluorescence and nitrotyrosine staining, respectively. Results: Five angII C57 and angII ApoE-/- mice receiving LFA had a dissected abdominal aorta, compared to none receiving HFA (P less than 0.05). Neutrophil infiltration of the adventitia was greater in dissected (137±6.8/200 μm length, n=3), compared to non-dissected aortas (0.3±0.1/200 μm length, n=19; P less than 0.05). The amount of superoxide in adventitial inflammatory cells was lower in apoE-/- HFA mice (62.8±2.8 arbitrary units (AU), n=6) than apoE-/- LFA mice (90.6±3.8 AU, n=9; P less than 0.05). The amount of smooth muscle peroxynitrite was lower in C57 angII HFA mice (5.0±1.2 AU, n=9) than C57 angII LFA mice (14.2±3.4 AU, n=9; P less than 0.05). Discussion: These findings suggest that a high omega-3 fatty acid diet is protective against aortic dissection. A possible mechanism is reduced ROS production by inflammatory and smooth muscle cells..

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