High viral load in women living with HIV linked to a different dysbiotic vaginal microbiota compared to women without HIV

Chelsea Elwood; Arianne Y K Albert; Elisabeth McClymont; Emily Wagner; Daljeet Mahal; Keshini Devakandan; Bonnie L Chaban; Zahra Pakzad; Janet E Hill; Deborah Money

doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2019.10.021

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High viral load in women living with HIV linked to a different dysbiotic vaginal microbiota compared to women without HIV

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High viral load in women living with HIV linked to a different dysbiotic vaginal microbiota compared to women without HIV

Chelsea Elwood, Arianne Y K Albert, Elisabeth McClymont, Emily Wagner, Daljeet Mahal, Keshini Devakandan, Bonnie L Chaban, Zahra Pakzad, Janet E Hill and Deborah Money

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vol.221(6), p.679

Infectious Diseases Society for Obstetrics and Gynecology (IDSOG) Conference, 2019 (Montana, United States, 08-Aug-2019–10-Aug-2019)

2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2019.10.021

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Abstract

Medical Microbiology

Objectives To compare the vaginal microbiota of women living with HIV to the vaginal microbiota of women with recurrent bacterial vaginosis and healthy women without HIV to determine if there are differences in the vaginal microbiome between these women, what factors influence these differences, and to characterize HIV clinical parameters including viral load and CD4 count in relation to the vaginal microbiome. Methods Women between the ages of 18-49 years who were premenopausal and not pregnant were recruited into three cohorts: healthy women, women living with HIV, and women with recurrent bacterial vaginosis (BV). Demographic and clinical data were collected via interviews and medical chart reviews. Vaginal swabs were collected for Gram stain assessment and microbiome profiling utilizing the cpn60 barcode sequence. To compare overall community composition differences, we used compositional data analysis methods, then visualized communities with principal components analysis, hierarchical clustering, and Kruskal-Wallis tests where appropriate. Results Clinical markers such as odour and abnormal discharge, but not irritation, were associated with higher microbial diversity. WLWH with unsuppressed HIV viral loads are more likely than HIV-negative women with recurrent BV to have non-Gardnerella dominated microbiomes. HIV is associated with higher vaginal microbial diversity and this is related to HIV viral load, with unsuppressed women demonstrating higher relative abundance of Megasphaera, Clostridiales, and Prevotella species. Conclusion Dysbiosis in these cohorts was clearly defined by metagenomic methods and in women living with HIV, unsuppressed HIV viral loads were associated with a distinct dysbiotic profile consisting of very low levels of Lactobacillus and high levels of anaerobes. Learning Objectives identify differences in the vaginal microbiome between women living with HIV, women with recurrent BV and healthy women without HIV or BV.

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Title: High viral load in women living with HIV linked to a different dysbiotic vaginal microbiota compared to women without HIV
Authors: Chelsea Elwood (Author) - University of British Columbia, Canada
Arianne Y K Albert (Author) - University of British Columbia, Canada
Elisabeth McClymont (Author) - University of British Columbia, Canada
Emily Wagner (Author) - Women's Health Research Institute, Canada
Daljeet Mahal (Author) - University of British Columbia, Canada
Keshini Devakandan (Author) - University of British Columbia, Canada
Bonnie L Chaban (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast
Zahra Pakzad (Author) - Women's Health Research Institute, Canada
Janet E Hill (Author) - University of Saskatchewan, Canada
Deborah Money (Author) - University of British Columbia, Canada
Publication details: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vol.221(6), p.679
Conference details: Infectious Diseases Society for Obstetrics and Gynecology (IDSOG) Conference, 2019 (Montana, United States, 08-Aug-2019–10-Aug-2019)
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date published: 2019
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.10.021
ISSN: 2589-9333; 2589-9333
Organisation Unit: University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; Thompson Institute; Centre for Bioinnovation
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99451449902621
Output Type: Abstract

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