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Genome-wide SNPS provide insights into fine-scale population structure and variability in the Fijian black-lip pearl oyster, Pinctada margaritifera
Abstract   Peer reviewed

Genome-wide SNPS provide insights into fine-scale population structure and variability in the Fijian black-lip pearl oyster, Pinctada margaritifera

Monal M Lal, Paul C Southgate, D R Jerry and K R Zenger
12th International Symposium on Genetics in Aquaculture Abstract Book, p.80
International Symposium on Genetics in Aquaculture (ISGA), 12th (Santiago de Compostela, Spain, 21-Jun-2015–27-Jun-2015)
2015
url
http://isga2015.acuigen.es/isga-2015-Abstract-Book.pdfView
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Abstract

Fisheries Sciences SNP genetic diversity stock management marker utility Fiji Islands
Pearl and shell production from the Black-lip Pearl Oyster Pinctada margaritifera is a valuable industry and substantial source of livelihood in the Fiji Islands. The industry is almost exclusively dependant on wild oysters for which there are currently no comprehensive management guidelines, as a country-wide genetic stock assessment has not been undertaken. Therefore no information is available on the number of discrete populations present, their levels of genetic fitness, or if domestic translocation of animals is suitable for the establishment of new farms. Consequently, there is a compelling need for genetic resources to resolve these knowledge gaps and inform policy for the sustainable development of the industry. SNPs are a powerful and highly versatile genetic tool for species management, and were selected here as their genome-wide presence and availability in large numbers provide the detection power required to discover fine-scale levels of population stratification, make assessments of locally adaptive variation and permit association analyses for future selective breeding efforts. The utility and power of 6,753 genome-wide SNP loci were investigated to describe the population structure, diversity and connectivity in four Fijian oyster populations discovered using double-digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq). The global Fst value was 0.0425, while population pairwise values ranged between 0.0015- 0.0825 (p<0.05), indicating very little differentiation that is similar to patterns identified for other marine species which experience high levels of gene flow over large spatial scales. The markers described here will also be useful for independent Fst outlier detection for investigations of directional and balancing selection, to evaluate any population-specific local adaptations. Overall, these SNPs provide for the first time the ability to examine fine-scale patterns of genetic structure, adaptive variation and genome-wide association in this commercially important marine mollusc, all of which are requisite for effective and comprehensive stock management. They are also excellent candidates for future research, and highly useful for further population assignment, translocation management and genetic monitoring of the Black-lip Pearl Oyster resource in the Fiji Islands.

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