Human exposure to anopheline mosquitoes occurs primarily indoors, even for users of insecticide-treated nets in Luangwa Valley, South-east Zambia

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Title: Human exposure to anopheline mosquitoes occurs primarily indoors, even for users of insecticide-treated nets in Luangwa Valley, South-east Zambia
Author/Creator: Seyoum, A
Author/Creator: Sikaala, C H
Author/Creator: Chanda, J
Author/Creator: Chinula, D
Author/Creator: Ntamatungiro, A J
Author/Creator: Hawla, M
Author/Creator: Miller, J M
Author/Creator: Russell, T
Author/Creator: Briet, O J T
Author/Creator: Kileen, G F
Abstract: Background: Current front line malaria vector control methods such as indoor residual spraying (IRS) and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs), rely upon the preference of many primary vectors to feed and/or rest inside human habitations where they can be targeted with domestically-applied insecticidal products. We studied the human biting behaviour of the malaria vector Anopheles funestus Giles and the potential malaria vector Anopheles quadriannulatus Theobald in Luangwa valley, south-east Zambia. Methods: Mosquitoes were collected by human landing catch in blocks of houses with either combined use of deltamethrin-based IRS and LLINs or LLINs alone. Human behaviour data were collected to estimate how much exposure to mosquito bites indoors and outdoors occurred at various times of the night for LLIN users and non-users. Results: Anopheles funestus and An. quadriannulatus did not show preference to bite either indoors or outdoors: the proportions [95% confidence interval] caught indoors were 0.586 [0.303, 0.821] and 0.624 [0.324, 0.852], respectively. However, the overwhelming majority of both species were caught at times when most people are indoors. The proportion of mosquitoes caught at a time when most people are indoors were 0.981 [0.881, 0.997] and 0.897 [0.731, 0.965], respectively, so the proportion of human exposure to both species occuring indoors was high for individuals lacking LLINs (An. funestus: 0.983 and An. quadriannulatus: 0.970, respectively). While LLIN users were better protected, more than half of their exposure was nevertheless estimated to occur indoors (An. funestus: 0.570 and An. quadriannulatus: 0.584). Conclusions: The proportion of human exposure to both An. funestus and An. quadriannulatus occuring indoors was high in the area and hence both species might be responsive to further peri-domestic measures if these mosquitoes are susceptible to insecticidal products.
Relation: Parasites & Vectors / Vol. 5, Article 101
Relation: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-5-101
Year: 2012
Publisher: Biomed Central Ltd.
Subject: FoR 1108 (Medical Microbiology)
Subject: FoR 1117 (Public Health and Health Services)
Subject: Anopheles funestus
Subject: Anopheles quadriannulatus
Subject: behaviour
Subject: Zambia

Resource Type: Journal Article
Identifier: URN:ISSN: 1756-3305
Rights: © 2012 Seyoum et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Reproduced in accordance with this policy.
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