A One Health approach to the fracture healing using orthopaedic scaffolds

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A One Health approach to the fracture healing using orthopaedic scaffolds

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Title: A One Health approach to the fracture healing using orthopaedic scaffolds
Author/Creator: Reeve-Johnson, Lloyd | Schuetz, M | Huttmacher, D
Description: Introduction: One Health approaches involve not only multi-disciplinary collaborations to address clinical issues, but of necessity antecedent research, development and planning. One Health therefore incorporates research linkage across diverse disciplines. The example presented is orthopaedic surgery. Otto Stader, a veterinarian, developed the first external skeletal fixation, to stabilize fractures in dogs. Another veterinarian Jacques Jenny performed one of the first intra-medullary pinning procedures advancing fracture repair in horses and humans. Sten-Erik Olsson and John Marshall, both of whom had both medical and veterinary degrees, founded the first dedicated comparative orthopaedic research laboratory at the Hospital for Special Surgery in New York. Comparative orthopaedic laboratories are now located throughout the world and use comparative and translational research approaches to improve diagnostic capabilities and enhance understanding of preventive and therapeutic disease mechanisms. Advances in fracture fixation, total joint replacement and cartilage repair are examples of mutual benefit to human and animal health. Several animal models have been developed to investigate bone regeneration. Among these, sheep offer an option with similar body weight; mineral composition of bone; metabolic rate and remodelling rate to human patients. Long bone dimensions are suitable for human fixation implants and prostheses. Healing of sizeable bone deficits remains a considerable challenge for surgeons typically following trauma or cancer. This model investigated the implantation of synthetic scaffolds and tissue growth stimulators in large bone defects. Method: 3 cm and 6 cm ovine tibial bone defects were treated in sheep aged 5 or more years with medical grade biodegradable mineral composite scaffolds of hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate implanted with or without bone morphogenic proteins (BMP) which stimulate growth, maturation and regulation of bone. Results: The regenerative potential of a scaffold system with BMP outperformed the best available autografts after 12 months of implantation. This was verified with x-ray, CT and biomechanical and histological assessment. A composite scaffold loaded with 40 ml bone marrow-derived mesenchymal precursor cells stimulated more bone formation than the scaffold alone; however, there was significantly less bridging and bone volume than the scaffold plus BMP group. Conclusions: The sharing of information between man and animals should be bidirectional. Too often the flow of animal data is to benefit the human subject and flow of technology is limited by cost and perception in the other direction. This is unfortunate as it limits potential for further refinement and iterative benefits to all species
Relation: 14th International Congress of the European Association for Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wroclaw, Poland 24-27 June 2018
Relation: Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics / Vol. 41, Supplement No. 1, pp.112-113
Relation: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvp.12662
Year: 2018
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Subject: FoR 0707 (Veterinary Sciences)

Resource Type: Conference Abstract
Identifier: ISSN: 0140-7783
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