Assessment of dietary behaviours by spot-testing urine pH

Benjamin H Parmenter; Gary J Slater; L A Frassetto

doi:10.1016/j.jnim.2017.04.054

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Assessment of dietary behaviours by spot-testing urine pH

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Assessment of dietary behaviours by spot-testing urine pH

Benjamin H Parmenter, Gary J Slater and L A Frassetto

Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism, Vol.8, p.75

Annual Scientific Meeting Nutrition Society of Australia: Translating nutrition science into practice, 40th (Melbourne, Australia, 29-Nov-2016–02-Dec-2016)

2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnim.2017.04.054

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Abstract

Nutrition and Dietetics

Public Health and Health Services

Background/Aims: Dietary biomarkers which are non-invasive, rapid and accurate may be useful to objectively assess dietary behaviours. The bases within fruits and vegetables (F&V) largely modulate net acid excretion (NAE); a laboratory intensive biomarker related to urine pH. As spot-testing pH is simple, we aimed to assess if spot-tests could index NAE while also exploring the influence of a F&V concentrate on these variables. Methods: In a double blind cross over trial, healthy adults (n = 13) randomly received a F&V concentrate (emulating the base within 3.5 F&V serves/meal) or placebo at breakfast, lunch and dinner for three days each, with diet standardized throughout. Measurements of 24 hour (24-hr) pH, NAE, and spot-tests were taken throughout. Regression analysis determined relationships between pH and NAE while T-tests and ANOVAs elucidated the concentrate's influence on samples. Results: The 24-hr pH indexed 24-hr NAE (r2 = 82.5%) yet first morning, second morning and last evening spot-tests poorly indexed 24-hr NAE (r2 = 10.9%, 3.5% and 30.8% respectively). Following supplementation, 24-hr NAE and 24-hr pH changed by -25.8 mEq (95%CI: -44.3, -7.4, p = 0.01, d = 0.94) and +0.51 (95%CI: 0.25, 0.79, p = 0.002, d = 1.3) respectively. Conversely, no significant changes occurred in the first or second morning spot-tests yet, a treatment effect occurred in the last evening spot-test by +0.31 (95%CI: 0.06, 0.56, p = 0.02, partial η2 = 0.55). Conclusions: Urine pH spot-tests do not index NAE and inconsistently detected the F&V concentrate which clearly modulated 24-hr pH and NAE. This inconsistency would likely increase if participants consumed a non-standardized diet. Spot-tests are not recommended.

Details

Title: Assessment of dietary behaviours by spot-testing urine pH
Authors: Benjamin H Parmenter (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast - Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering
Gary J Slater (Author) - University of the Sunshine Coast - Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering
L A Frassetto (Author) - University of California, United States
Publication details: Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism, Vol.8, p.75
Conference details: Annual Scientific Meeting Nutrition Society of Australia: Translating nutrition science into practice, 40th (Melbourne, Australia, 29-Nov-2016–02-Dec-2016)
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date published: 2017
DOI: 10.1016/j.jnim.2017.04.054
ISSN: 2352-3859; 2352-3859
Organisation Unit: University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland; School of Health - Nutrition & Dietetics; School of Health and Sport Sciences - Legacy; Library Services; School of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Legacy
Language: English
Record Identifier: 99451182202621
Output Type: Abstract
Research Statement: false

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